2027年第五期——引言（实战篇）

不知不觉，我们的”SCI论文写作指南”已经来到了第五期…

在过去的两期中，我们向你展示了如何撰写“方法”和“结果”部分，按照第二期我们给出的写作顺序，这次我们仔细聊聊“写‘引言’的时候该做些什么才能让自己好过些？

进一步说来，引言写作最大的难点在于——让研究主题既保持前沿性又要有价值，既要有受众的广泛性，又要让自己的研究课题落实到具体的实践应用或现象，而在引言中写的一切，都还要和自己的研究逻辑相吻合。

如何“把研究像故事一样娓娓道来”？引言，就是这个故事的开始。

漏斗型的内容结构，让我们从一个大的研究背景，通过描述研究现状，引出该领域目前的研究问题或缺陷，衬托本研究的重要性；然后描述解决问题后的好处或意义，接着提出解决方法并阐述本研究得到的实验结果对解决该问题的价值

接下来，我们以上述逻辑关系为顺序，详细展开“倒金字塔”每一部分的写法。

β2-tubulin substitutions increase deoxynivalenol biosynthesis by reducing the interaction between β2-tubulin and IDH3 in Fusarium graminearum, 2019，Environmental Microbiology, DOI: 10.1101/760595, IF=5.1]

研究概述：

研究发现，多菌灵防治小麦赤霉病及赤霉病菌发生抗药性变异能够大幅度提高DON毒素生物合成和致病力，首次发现多菌灵与异柠檬酸脱氢酶（IDH3）能够竞争性结合β-微管蛋白，降低IDH活性；β-微管蛋白发生抗药性的单个氨基酸变异也会降低与IDH3亲和性，导致乙酰辅酶A积累，从而上调DON毒素生物合成的分子机制。

Introduction（792词，5段）

Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by the filamentous fungus Fusarium graminearum is a devastating fungal disease in wheat and other small grain cereals all over the world (Goswami and Kistler, 2004). The disease can not only lead to loss in yield and quality, but also a severe threat to human and animal health due to the mycotoxins in infested grains (Goswami and Kistler, 2004; Alexander et al., 2009). 【首段第1-2句，“提出问题，描写背景”，写清赤霉病FHB对小麦生长发育及生产的影响】Among the various mycotoxins found in small grains, deoxynivalenol (DON) has been shown to be the most common mycotoxin contaminant associated with FHB (Goswami and Kistler, 2004). In addition, as a potent inhibitor of protein synthesis, DON is carcinogenic to human and mammals (De Walle et al., 2010; Audenaert<<Query: Audenaert et al., 2014 has not been included in the Reference List, please supply full publication details. Ans: Audenaert K, Vanheule A, Hofte M, Haesaert G. 2014. Deoxynivalenol: a major player in the multifaceted response of Fusarium to its environment. Toxins (Basel) 6: 1-19.>> et al., 2014). 【第3-4句，收缩范围，由大到小地引出DON及其作用和重要性，开始向本研究的重点靠拢】In the past decades, all the TRI genes involved in trichothecene biosynthesis have been well characterized (Brown et al., 2004; Alexanderet al., 2009). 【此处时态需注意，虽然前面有时间状语标记，但本句强调的是过去对TRI基因的研究对现在的影响，所以用现在完成时】 In F. graminearum, trichothecenes are synthesized from farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP), which is synthesized via the isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway (Kimura et al., 2007). Mevalonate, the key intermediate of this pathway, is produced from three acetyl-CoA molecules. As a central molecule in cell metabolism, acetyl-CoA can be generated in the mitochondrial matrix, cytosol, and peroxisome (Nitschke and Russell, 2013). The research findings in metabolic engineering indicated that by modulation the production and consumption pathway of intracellular acetyl-CoA can directly increase the production of secondary metabolites, which showed that the production of acetyl-CoA is important for secondary metabolism (Shiba et al., 2007; Chen et al., 2013; Krivoruchko et al., 2013).

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