2024年农业银行校园招聘考试英语笔试题2

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知识点3：阅读理解题――短篇(3道题)

Governments and central banks like there to be “just enough” growth in an economy ― not too much that could lead to inflation getting out of control, but not so little that there is stagnation. Their aim is the so-called “Goldilocks economy” ― not too hot, but not too cold.

One of the main tools they have to control growth is raising or lowering interest rates. Lower interest rates encourage people or companies to spend money rather than save.

But when interest rates are at almost zero, central banks need to adopt different tactics ― such as pumping money directly into the financial system.

This process is known as quantitative easing, or QE.

The central bank buys assets, usually government bonds. It then uses this money to buy bonds from investors such as banks or pension funds. It can also push interest rates lower across the economy. This in turn should allow businesses to invest and consumers to spend more, giving a knock-on boost to the economy.

46. It can be inferred from the passage that higher interest rates ______.

A. encourage people or companies to spend money

B. encourage people or companies to save money

C. lead to inflation getting out of control

D. prevent people from making more money

47. According to the passage, what tactic can the government use to control the economic development?

A. Raising or lowering interest rates.

B. Pumping money directly into the financial system.

C. Buying bonds from investors such as banks or pension funds.

D. All of above

48. What is TRUE about QE according to the passage?

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